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Species: |
Symphyocladia marchantioides |
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Description: |
Thalli are dark red to black in color, blade-like, prostrate or decumbent, 1-2 cm in length, various 1-6 mm in width, often forming a mat by growing overlapping, attached one another by rhizoids. The margins of blades at upper portions of thalli are mostly entire, whereas the lower portions appear to be undulate or crenulate. Growth is by means of marginal meristem at broad apex. Reproductive structures were not seen in the examined materials. Original publication: Schmitz, F. & Falkenberg, P. (1897). Rhodomelaceae. In: Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrten, Teil 1, Abteilung 2. (Engler, A. & Prantl, K. Eds), pp. 421-480. Leipzig: verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann.
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Thallus brown-red, 1–2 cm long and 2–4 mm broad, prostrate with a main branch bearing occasional to frequent similar but shorter and slenderer marginal branches. Attachment by rhizoids from basal parts; epilithic or epiphytic. Structure. Growth from apical cells 6–10 µm in diameter which divide transversely, the subapical cells cutting off 6 or 8 pericentral cells, 3 or 4 on each side, without transverse subdivision of these cells; thallus usually 2(–3) cells thick; apical cells and derivative segments remain laterally attached congenitally, with the axial cells branching laterally 2–5 cells apart; mature pericentral cells 90–120 µm long, the lateral (outer) ones 25–45 µm in diameter, the transverse ones 15–20 µm in diameter. Rhizoids unicellular, cut off from pericentral cells, with multicellular haptera. Trichoblasts arising from dormant apical cells on margins of branches, branched, becoming 600–1000µm long, lower cells 20–30 µm in diameter. Cells uninucleate; rhodoplasts discoid. Link for FloraBase |
| Name History |
Adjective (Latin), resembling the genus Marchantia. |
| Biogeography |
In southern Australia, known from Edithburg, S. Aust., to Point Hicks E Vic., and from eastern Australia. New Zealand, N of Banks Pen; western Pacific Ocean; Azores; eastern and western Australia; South Africa; Japan. |
| Life Cycle |
Gametophytes not seen in the only southern Australian collection. Tetrasporangia borne in laterally fused stichidia, in straight rows, one per segment, 60–90 µm in diameter. |
| References |
Ardré, F. (1973). Remarques sur la structure et les affinités des Symphyocladia (Rhodomelacées, Céramiales). Botaniste 56: 19-54. Millar, A.J.K. (1990). Marine red algae of the Coffs Harbour region, northern New South Wales. Australian Systematic Botany 3: 293-593, 76 figs, 2 tables. Nam, K.W. & Kang, P.J. (2012). Algal flora of Korea. Volume 4, Number 4. Rhodophyta: Ceramiales: Rhodomelaceae: 18 genera including Herposiphonia. pp. [1-6], 1-178, figs 1-102. Incheon: National Institute of Biological Resources. Womersley, H.B.S. (2003). The marine benthic flora of southern Australia - Part IIID Ceramiales - Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae. pp. 533. Canberra & Adelaide: Australian Biological Resources Study & State Herbarium of South Australia. |
| Habitat: |
Occurred in marine, growing inter-tidally or subtidally at 1-2 m deep, attached to coral reefs or epiphytic on other red algae. |
| Type information: |
Type species: This is the type species (holotype) of the genus Symphyocladia. Basionym: Amansia marchantioides Harvey Syntype localities: New Zealand: Cape Kidnapper; Hawke's Bay (Silva, Basson & Moe 1996: 554). Lectotype: ‘Rev. N. Colenso, N. Zealand’; TCD (Millar 1990: 456). Notes: Womersley (2003: 341) gives the following data for Amansia? marchantioides: Type from Cape Kidnappers, Hawkes Bay, New Zealand (Colenso); holotype in Herb. Harvey, TCD. (Harvey gave “Cape Kidnapper and Hawke’s Bay; however the Cape is at the southern extremity of Hawkes Bay and it appears that this the only type locality). |
